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The spectacular biodiversity and environment of the Antarctic and sub-Antarctic (photos: Isabelle Ansorge, Sandra Durand, Peter le Roux, Peter Ryan, Bettine van Vuuren). Ansorge and colleagues present a 20-year vision for polar research through the South African National Antarctic Programme.
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The role of mathematics in different disciplines is explored in a series of Invited Commentaries (image CC: Torley, flickr).
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Can self-awareness improve athletic performance? Cowden explores whether competitive tennis players who are more self-aware tend to be mentally tougher.
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The seafloor around the Prince Edward Islands in the Southern Ocean. The image was taken by Dr Charles von der Meden from the South African Environmental Observation Network (SAEON) using SAEON’s SkiMonkey III deep-sea camera. Dr Von der Meden led the 2015 relief voyage of the research vessel SA Agulhas II, during which Olsen and colleagues collected marine sponges for analysis of cytotoxic activity.
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Pteronia camphorata – an aromatic shrub endemic to the western and southern coastal region of South Africa – identified for the first time by Hulley and colleagues (photo: B-E van Wyk). Pteronia camphorata is an important medicinal plant known as ǀnhora to the San and Nama people. Hulley and colleagues validate the traditional uses of this plant.
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The African bear (Agriotherium) – arguably the most impressive carnivoran to have ever inhabited the continent of Africa and the iconic species of Langebaanweg – defending its Sivatherium prey (image: Adam Hartstone-Rose). Hartstone-Rose and colleagues describe the diets of this extinct African bear and the other Mio-Pliocene carnivorans of Langebaanweg, South Africa.
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A photogrammetry scan of the excavation area – in the Dinaledi Chamber of the Rising Star Cave (Cradle of Humankind, South Africa) – in which an adult hand of Homo naledi was found, visualised as point cloud data. Kruger and colleagues developed and used a multimodal set of recording and survey methods to record the fossils and map the Dinaledi Chamber.
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An abalone shell (photo: Paxson Woelber / CC BY). Crookes shows that a legal trade in abalone in South Africa results in a ‘trading on extinction’ resource trap, with a focus on profit and a depletion in abalone populations.
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ASSAf celebrates its 20th anniversary in 2016. In recognition of this milestone, the South African Journal of Science will be publishing commemorative articles throughout the year.
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A sculpture by Marco Cianfanelli at the Nelson Mandela Capture Site in Howick, KwaZulu-Natal. The 50 non-linear steel columns seen individually when viewed from the side align to form a two-dimensional portrait of Nelson Mandela when viewed from the front. In an article in this issue, Manzini motivates for broadening current perspectives of innovation in South Africa, beyond science and technology.
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Extensive erosion has occurred in KwaZulu-Natal (photo: John Craigie, Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife). In an article in this issue, Jewitt and colleagues detail the land-cover changes in the province and their implications for biodiversity.
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Fibre optic cables navigating the world (credit: Greatstock/Corbis). In an article in this issue Pillay and colleagues discuss the use of polarisation-encoded quantum key distribution in optical fibre networks to encode digital information.
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A massive bright green surface cyanobacterial bloom extending more than 20 km out over Lake Taihu, China, as seen by the Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer satellite instrument on 14 August 2007 (image: Mark Matthews, Daniel Odermatt; data courtesy of the European Space Agency). Matthews and Bernard discuss the use of satellite remote sensing to detect eutrophication and cyanobacteria in South Africa’s water bodies in an article in this issue.
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An Ovahimba woman from the Kunene Region, Namibia, whose skin, hair and personal attire are covered in a red ochre mixture called otjise (photo: Riaan F. Rifkin). Although otjise is applied by modern humans primarily for social functions, an article by Rifkin and colleagues explores how the topical application of red ochre for sun protection may have provided an adaptive advantage for our prehistoric ancestors.
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Agriculture in action. In this issue, Musvoto and colleagues review the role of agriculture in a green economy in South Africa and Fischer and colleagues discuss the aspects of Bt maize in smallholder agriculture in South Africa.
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The Golden Ratio – elucidated by Boeyens and Thackeray in an article in this issue – is expressed in the spiral structure of the cochlear of a fossil hominin (about 2 million years old) from the Cradle of Humankind World Heritage Site, South Africa. (Cochlear image, based on CT scans: Jose Braga. Diagram of the golden ratio is included for illustrative purposes only.)
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Open Access Week is celebrated globally in October. Czerniewicz and Goodier discuss open access in the South African higher education research context. (image design by Nadine Wubbeling).
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Galls induced by the introduced biological control fly Dasineura rubiformis on the invasive Australian tree Acacia mearnsii. The formation of galls prevents seed production and substantially reduces the invasive potential of the tree (photo: Fiona Impson). Van Wilgen and colleagues review the contributions of the Centre for Invasion Biology in the field of invasion science over the last 10 years.
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A density map of keywords in water research related publications from 2002 to 2006. Siebrits et al. report on a scientometric analysis of water research publications over four decades to identify paradigm shifts within water research in South Africa.
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The Siloam Valley and Makuleni Village – the site of the hypothetical enhanced geothermal system discussed by Dhansay et al. in an article on South Africa’s geothermal energy potential. Photos: Taufeeq Dhansay.
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King Penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus) on Trypot Beach, Marion Island. Ansorge et al. report that the Prince Edward Islands support ecosystems that are extremely sensitive to perturbations and provide an ideal natural laboratory for studying how these ecosystems respond to a changing climate (photo: Anne Treasure).
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