Potential human impact on the environmental central niche of the chacma baboon

Authors

  • Olivia M.L. Stone School of Biological Earth and Environmental Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
  • Shawn W. Laffan School of Biological Earth and Environmental Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
  • Darren Curnoe School of Biological Earth and Environmental Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
  • Andy I.R. Herries Department of Archaeology and History, College of Arts, Social Science and Commerce, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2015/20140279

Keywords:

Papio ursinus, habitat distribution, GIS, core habitat, anthropogenic impact

Abstract

We assessed the human impact on regions identified as the environmental central niche for the chacma baboon (Papio ursinus) across southern Africa. This central niche is the area within an animal’s natural range that is most insulated from changes to the environmental variables that influence that animal’s distribution. We used an environmental envelope model constructed with geographic information system software to predict the geographic extent of the central niche. The predicted chacma baboon central niche was 389 000 km2, with substantial overlap with human settlements in several countries. Of note is that although Botswana contains nearly 60 000 km2 of predicted central niche, the International Union for the Conservation of Nature chacma baboon distribution map implies that much of this area is uninhabited by baboons. A regional assessment of the province of KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa) suggests more than 95% of its central niche is uninhabited. Additionally, the very limited and likely disturbed central niche area in Lesotho coupled with the unknown status of chacma baboons within Lesotho warrants further attention. Overall, it appears likely that significant proportions of the predicted central niche in southern Africa are currently uninhabited by the chacma baboon. These uninhabited areas correspond with areas of high human population density and anthropogenic land alteration. The remaining central niche areas that are still inhabited are potentially key areas for conservation and are important for ensuring the sustainability of future populations. However, these areas may be undergoing degradation whilst also becoming more inaccessible to baboons, thus increasing the difficulty of conservation efforts. This preliminary assessment highlights the urgent need for detailed assessments at a finer scale.

Published

2015-11-23

Issue

Section

Research Article

How to Cite

Stone, O. M., Laffan, S. W., Curnoe, D., & Herries, A. I. (2015). Potential human impact on the environmental central niche of the chacma baboon. South African Journal of Science, 111(11/12), 8. https://doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2015/20140279
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