@article{Maina_2014, title={Engine emissions and combustion analysis of biodiesel from East African countries}, volume={110}, url={https://sajs.co.za/article/view/3745}, DOI={10.1590/sajs.2014/20130097}, abstractNote={<div style="left: 288.189px; top: 209.691px; font-size: 15px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.863488);">Environmental, availability and financial problems associated with fossil fuels encourage the manufacture and</div> <div style="left: 288.189px; top: 230.267px; font-size: 15px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.888672);">use of biodiesel. In this study, vegetable oil was extracted from</div> <div style="left: 648.984px; top: 230.267px; font-size: 15px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.878471);">Jatropha curcas</div> <div style="left: 741.22px; top: 230.267px; font-size: 15px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.870848);">seeds sourced from Kenya</div> <div style="left: 288.189px; top: 250.842px; font-size: 15px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.849481);">and Tanzania. A two-step acid–base catalytic transesterification process was used to produce biodiesel</div> <div style="left: 288.189px; top: 271.418px; font-size: 15px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.869162);">because of the amount of free fatty acids present in the oil. The test rig used in the experiments was an Audi,</div> <div style="left: 288.189px; top: 291.993px; font-size: 15px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.851576);">1.9-litre, turbocharged direct injection, compression ignition engine. Emissions were measured using an</div> <div style="left: 288.189px; top: 312.569px; font-size: 15px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.89189);">Horiba emission analyser system while combustion data was collected by a data acquisition system, from</div> <div style="left: 288.189px; top: 333.144px; font-size: 15px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.82477);">which cylinder pressure and rate of heat release of the test engine in every crank angle were calculated.</div> <div style="left: 288.189px; top: 353.72px; font-size: 15px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.832632);">The two biodiesels showed better emission characteristics than the fossil diesel included in the tests for</div> <div style="left: 288.189px; top: 374.295px; font-size: 15px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.853764);">comparison purposes. Cylinder pressure and heat release of the biodiesel were also within acceptable</div> <div style="left: 288.189px; top: 394.87px; font-size: 15px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.866504);">ranges. However, the emission and combustion characteristics differed between the two biodiesels – a result</div> <div style="left: 288.189px; top: 415.446px; font-size: 15px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.880494);">likely related to their different origins. These findings prove that the source of biodiesel is an important factor</div> <div style="left: 288.189px; top: 436.021px; font-size: 15px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.87988);">to consider.</div>}, number={3/4}, journal={South African Journal of Science}, author={Maina, Paul}, year={2014}, month={Mar.}, pages={1–8} }