y2018m08b16
20180911070000
assa
nadine@assaf.org.za
assa
South African Journal of Science
S. Afr. J. Sci
1996-7489
09112018
114
9/10
Food insecurity, HIV status and prior testing at South African primary healthcare clinics
Makandwe
Nyirenda
HIV Prevention Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Durban, South Africa
Renee
Street
HIV Prevention Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Durban, South Africa
Environment and Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Durban, South Africa
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1983-8968
Tarylee
Reddy
Biostatistics Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Durban, South Africa
Susie
Hoffman
Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioural Studies, New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
Suraya
Dawad
HIV Prevention Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Durban, South Africa
National Department of Health, Pretoria, South Africa
Kelly
Blanchard
Ibis Reproductive Health, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
Theresa M.
Exner
HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioural Studies, New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
Elizabeth A.
Kelvin
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, City University of New York, New York, New York, USA
CUNY Institute for Implementation Science in Population Health, City University of New York, New York, New York, USA
Joanne E.
Mantell
HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioural Studies, New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
Gita
Ramjee
HIV Prevention Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Durban, South Africa
HIV and food insecurity are two prominent causes of morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. Food insecurity has been associated with risky sexual practices and poor access to healthcare services. We describe the association between household food insecurity and previous HIV testing and HIV status. We used logistic regression to analyse the association between food insecurity and prior HIV counselling and testing (HCT) and testing HIV positive. A total of 2742 adults who presented for HCT at three primary healthcare clinics in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, participated in the study. The prevalence of household food insecurity was 35%. The prevalence of food insecurity was highest in adults who had incomplete high schooling (43%), were unemployed (39%), and whose primary source of income was government grants (50%). Individuals who were food insecure had significantly higher odds of testing HIV positive (adjusted odds ratio 1.41, 95% CI 1.16–1.71), adjusted for demographic and socio-economic variables. There was no association between food insecurity and prior HCT. The findings of this study highlight the important role food insecurity may play in HIV risk. Interventions to turn food-insecure into food-secure households are needed to reduce their household members’ vulnerability to HIV acquisition. The absence of such interventions is likely to severely impact ambitious global targets of ending AIDS by 2030 through the 90-90-90 targets and test-and-treat-all initiatives.
09112018
1
10.17159/sajs.2016/crossmark
sajs.co.za
false
2017-11-14
2018-05-05
2018-09-11
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
10.17159/sajs.2018/4407
20180911070000
https://www.sajs.co.za/article/view/4407
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https://www.sajs.co.za/article/view/4407/7141
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https://www.sajs.co.za/article/view/4407/7141
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https://www.sajs.co.za/article/view/4407/7141
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https://www.sajs.co.za/article/view/4407/7141
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https://www.sajs.co.za/article/view/4407/7141